In this article
The SIN (Social Insurance Number) is the number you need to work and get paid in Canada. It is free, it is issued by Service Canada, and you can apply online, by mail or in person. For students, the main document is a study permit that allows you to work.
What the SIN is
SIN stands for Social Insurance Number, a nine-digit number the Government of Canada uses for everything related to work and taxes. Without it, an employer cannot hire and pay you properly, and you cannot file your income tax return at the end of the year.
Think of it as your work and tax ID: it is personal, unique and stays with you while you are in the country.
Who can get one
The SIN is for people who are authorized to work in Canada. For someone studying abroad, that means:
- A student whose study permit allows work. The document shows a condition such as “may accept employment” or “may work”. This applies, for example, to college and university students.
- Anyone with a work permit, such as a Working Holiday permit.
An English-only course does not give you a SIN for work. Anyone in Canada only for a language course does not have work authorization on their study permit. See the rules in Can international students work in Canada?
The documents
You will need two documents:
- The main document: the study permit that allows you to work, or your work permit.
- A second document with your full name and date of birth, such as your passport.
The names must match on both documents. If they are different (because of marriage, for example), also bring the document that shows the change.
How to apply, step by step
There are three ways to apply for a SIN, and all of them are free:
- Online, on the Government of Canada website. It is the fastest way: you send photos of your documents and get the number without leaving home.
- In person, at a Service Canada office. If everything is in order, you leave with your number the same day.
- By mail, which is the slowest.
Do not pay anyone to get a SIN. The application is free and done directly with the government. Be wary of websites or people who charge for it.
A SIN that starts with 9
People who are not permanent residents get a SIN that starts with 9. It is temporary and has an expiry date tied to your study permit or work permit.
When you renew your immigration document, remember to update your SIN expiry date too. While you wait for the renewal, if your status is still valid, you can keep working.
Keep your number safe
- Keep your number somewhere safe and never post a photo of it.
- Only give your SIN to those who really need it, such as your employer when you are hired.
- If you think someone has used your number, contact Service Canada.
Official sources consulted
Information checked on September 27, 2026. Government rules change: always check the official source before deciding.
